“…rrangements” is also capable of conveying a target duty or an absolute duty (see Underhill LJ in R (on the application of Nash) v Barnet London Borough Council [2013] EWHC 1067 (Admin) at [69(3)] cited by Males LJ in R (on the application Williams) v Caerphilly County Borough Council [2020] EWCA Civ 296 at [64]; cf R (Tandy) v East Sussex Cou…”
“…ars that even Underhill LJ struggled with the elusive concept of “making arrangements to secure continuous improvement” in Nash v Barnet London Borough Council [2013] EWHC 1067 (Admin), which involved a challenge to a decision by the council to outsource to private sector organisations a higher proportion of its functions and services. That d…”