“…In Schönheit v Stadt Frankfurt-am-Main (Case no C-4/02) and Becker v Land Hessen (Case no C-5/02) [2004] IRLR 983 the claimants were female civil servants employed by, respectively, the city of Frankfurt and the state government of Hesse. The terms of German legislation re…”
“…urt of Appeal considered, on the basis of the case law concerning indirect discrimination (Schönheit v Stadt Frankfurt am Main, Joined Cases C-4/02 and C-5/02, [2004] IRLR 983; see also R (Elias) v Secretary of State for Defence [2006] 1 WLR 3213), that the aim need not have been articulated or even realised at the time when the meas…”