“…Jia v Migrationsverket [2007] CJEU Case C-1/05 examined the meaning of that ‘dependence’ under the Directive’s predecessor (Directive 73/148/EEC) and held that the term means that material support is needed…”
“… needs the material support of the Community national or his or her spouse or registered partner in order to meet their essential needs: Jia v Migrationsverket Case C-1/05; [2007] QB 545 at [37 and 42-43] and Reyes v Migrationsverket Case C-423/12;[2014] QB 1140at [20-24]. As the Upper Tribunal noted in the unrelated case of Reye…”