“…ddressed the issue of whether for the purposes of paragraph 2(1)(b), physical injury included psychological injury. She considered the authority of R v Ireland [1998] AC 147 (“Ireland”) to the effect that “bodily harm” under the Offences Against the Person Act 1861 included psychological harm and held that Ireland did not require h…”
“…ailant is threatening to do. There is no requirement that the threat is particularised nor that the victim knows the form of what is threatened. In R v Ireland [1998] AC 147 a silent phone call was held to constitute an assault if it placed the recipient in fear of immediate and unlawful violence. Lord Steyn considered that such ca…”