“…to be found in the decision of the Court of Appeal in Ridehalgh v Horsefield [1994] Ch 205, approved by the House of Lords in Medcalf v Mardell [2002] UKHL 27, [2003] 1 AC 120. Sir Thomas Bingham MR, giving the judgment of the Court, said at 231 that Courts should apply the following three-stage test when a wasted costs order is cont…”
“…dure: see Symphony Group plc v Hodgson [1994] QB 179 at 193 (Balcombe LJ),Re Freudiana Holdings Ltd (Times, 4 December 1995), Medcalf v Mardell [2002] UKHL 27, [2003] 1 AC 120 at [24] (Lord Bingham of Cornhill), Sims v Hawkins [2007] EWCA Civ 1175, [2008] CP Rep 7 at [57] (Rix LJ), Systemcare (UK) Ltd v Services Design Technology Ltd…”